Curso Técnico em Cafeicultura - Módulo II - Manejo da Lavoura Cafeeira

Tema 2: Manejo e controle fitossanitário da lavoura cafeeira – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 89 Tópico 1: Fitossanidade da lavoura cafeeira – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 91 1.1 Importância do controle de pragas e doenças na lavoura de café ––––––––––––– 91 1.2 Fundamentos sobre fitossanidade do cafeeiro – ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 93 1.3 Ocorrências fitossanitárias e a qualidade do café ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 95 Atividade de aprendizagem – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 97 Tópico 2: Principais pragas da lavoura cafeeira – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 98 2.1 Principais pragas da lavoura cafeeira –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 98 2.1.1 Bicho-mineiro das folhas ( Leucoptera coffeella ) – ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 99 2.1.2 Broca do café ( Hypothenemus hampei ) – ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 101 2.1.3 Nematoides – ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 103 2.1.4 Cigarras ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 104 2.1.5 Ácaros – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 104 2.1.6 Cochonilhas – ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 106 2.1.7 Lagartas – ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 107 2.1.8 Mosca das raízes –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 107 2.2 A influência de fatores climáticos na ocorrência de pragas na lavoura cafeeira ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 108 2.3 Manejo integrado de pragas (MIP) na lavoura cafeeira – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 110 2.3.1 Princípios do MIP – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 110 2.3.2 Métodos de controle de pragas – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 113 Atividade de aprendizagem – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 117 Tópico 3: Principais doenças da lavoura cafeeira ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 117 3.1 Principais doenças da lavoura cafeeira – –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 118 3.2 Relação da ocorrência de doenças para cada fase fenológico do cafeeiro ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 123 3.3 A influência de fatores climáticos na ocorrência de doenças na lavoura de café –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 125 3.4 Manejo Integrado de Doenças (MID) na lavoura cafeeira – –––––––––––––––––––––––– 128 3.4.1 Princípios do MID ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 129